DPDK 常用术语

学习 DPDK 是会遇到很多专业的术语，很难理解，本文汇总 DPDK 的常用术语。

A

• ACL

Access Control List：访问控制表

• API

Application Programming Interface：应用程序接口

• ASLR

Linux* kernel Address-Space Layout Randomization：地址空间随机化布局

B

• BSD

Berkeley Software Distribution：伯克利软件发行

C

• Clr

Clear

• CIDR

Classless Inter-Domain Routing：无类域间路由

• Control Plane

The control plane is concerned with the routing of packets and with providing a start or end point.

• Core

A core may include several lcores or threads if the processor supports hyperthreading.

• Core Components

核心组件：DPDK 提供的一组库，包括：eal、ring、mempool、mbuf、timers等

• CPU

Central Processing Unit：中央处理器

• CRC

Cyclic Redundancy Check：循环冗赘核对

D

• Data Plane

In contrast to the control plane, the data plane in a network architecture are the layers involved when forwarding packets. These layers must be highly optimized to achieve good performance.

• DIMM

Dual In-line Memory Module：双直插式内存模块

• DMA

Direct Memory Access：直接存储器（内存）访问

• Doxygen

A documentation generator used in the DPDK to generate the API reference.

• DPDK

Data Plane Development Kit：数据平面开发工具包

• DRAM

Dynamic Random Access Memory：动态随机访问存储器

E

• EAL

Environment Abstraction Layer：环境抽象层

The Environment Abstraction Layer (EAL) provides a generic interface that hides the environment specifics from the applications and libraries. The services expected from the EAL are: development kit loading and launching, core affinity/ assignment procedures, system memory allocation/description, PCI bus access, inter-partition communication.

F

• FIFO

First In First Out：先进先出队列

• FPGA

Field Programmable Gate Array：可编程阵列

G

• GbE

Gigabit Ethernet：千兆以太网

H

• HW

Hardware：硬件设备

• HPET

High Precision Event Timer：高精度事件定时器

硬件计时器在x86平台上提供精确时钟

I

• IA

Intel Architecture：英特尔架构

• ID

Identifier：标识符

• IOCTL

Input/Output Control：输入/输出控制器

• I/O

Input/Output：输入/输出

• IP

Internet Protocol：互联网协议

• IPv4

Internet Protocol version 4：互联网协议v4

• IPv6

Internet Protocol version 6：互联网协议v6

L

• lcore

logical core：逻辑CPU核

处理器的逻辑执行单元，有时称为硬件线程。

K

• KNI

Kernel Network Interface：内核网络接口

I

• IOMMU

Input–Output Memory Management Unit：输入输出内存管理单元

• IOVA

Input–Output Virtual Address：输入输出虚拟地址

L

• L1

Layer 1：物理层

• L2

Layer 2：数据链路层

• L3

Layer 3：网络层

• L4

Layer 4：传输成

• LAN

Local Area Network：局域网

• LPM

Longest Prefix Match：最长匹配前缀

M

• main lcore

执行 main() 函数和启动其他 lcores 的执行单元

• master lcore

通 main lcore，已废弃

• mbuf

An mbuf is a data structure used internally to carry messages (mainly network packets). The name is derived from BSD stacks. To understand the concepts of packet buffers or mbuf, refer to TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 2: The Implementation.

• MSI

Message Signal Interrupt：消息信号中断

• MESI

Modified Exclusive Shared Invalid (CPU cache coherency protocol，CPU缓存一致性协议)：修改独占共享无效

• MTU

Maximum Transfer Unit：最大传输单元

N

• NIC

Network Interface Card：网卡，网络接口卡

• NUMA

Non-uniform Memory Access：非一致内存访问

O

• OOO

Out Of Order (execution of instructions within the CPU pipeline)

P

• PA

physical Address：物理地址

• PCI

Peripheral Connect Interface：外围设备接口连接

• PF

Physical Function：物理函数

• PHY

An abbreviation for the physical layer of the OSI model.

• pktmbuf

An mbuf carrying a network packet.

• PMD

Poll Mode Driver：调查模式驱动程序

Q

• QoS

Quality of Service：服务质量

R

• RCU

Read-Copy-Update algorithm：读取-复制-更新算法，简单 rwlock 的替代方案

• Rd

Read：读

• RED

Random Early Detection：随机预检测

• RSS

Receive Side Scaling：接收端扩展

• RTE

Run Time Environment：运行时环境

Provides a fast and simple framework for fast packet processing, in a lightweight environment as a Linux* application and using Poll Mode Drivers (PMDs) to increase speed.

• Rx

Reception：接受数据

S

• Slave lcore

同worker lcore，已废弃

• Socket

包含多个核的物理CPU

• SLA

Service Level Agreement：服务水平协议

• srTCM

Single Rate Three Color Marking：单速率三色标记

• SRTD

Scheduler Round Trip Delay：调度程序往返行程延迟

• SW

Software：软件

T

• Target

在 DPDK 中，target 有 架构, 执行环境 和 工具链，例如：i686-native-linux-gcc

• TCP

Transmission Control Protocol：传输控制协议

• TC

Traffic Class：通信/流量类别

• TLB

Translation Lookaside Buffer：转译后备缓冲器

• TLS

Thread Local Storage：线程本地存储

• trTCM

Two Rate Three Color Marking：二速三色标

• TSC

Time Stamp Counter：时间戳计数器

• Tx

Transmission：发送数据

• TUN/TAP

虚拟网络内核设备，参考：Linux tap/tun 介绍

U

• UIO

user input/out driver：

V

• VF

Virtual Function：虚拟函数

• VFIO

Virtual Function I/O：虚拟 I/O 功能

• VLAN

Virtual Local Area Network：虚拟局域网络

W

• Wr

Write：写

• Worker lcore

非主逻辑核心

• WRED

Weighted Random Early Detection：加权随机预检测

• WRR

Weighted Round Robin：加权循环调度算法